Since the outbreak of conflict on 15 April, tensions between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) have resulted in the deaths of more than 12,000 civilians and the displacement of 6.6 million individuals. Khartoum, the capital, has been engulfed in internecine warfare, causing widespread devastation. The conflict originated from a power struggle between two once-allied generals: Abdel Fattah Al-Burhan, the commander-in-chief of the SAF, and Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, also known as Hemedti, the RSF commander. After almost nine months of conflict, the United Nations Under-Secretary-General Martin Griffiths highlighted a severe humanitarian crisis, with reports of rape and sexual violence adding to the chaos. How the conflict unfolded The conflict’s roots trace back to the uprising in April 2019, triggered by the deteriorating economic situation, leading toPresident Omar Al-Bashir’s ousting after a three-decade-long rule. A Transitional Military Council (TMC) was established to navigate the country’s regime transition. Following a crackdown on ongoing protests in June 2019, the TMC engaged in negotiations with the Forces of Freedom and Change. This led to the signing of a detailed Political Agreement on 4 August, 2019, outlining a 39-month…
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